Effects of Generative-AI Augmentation for Small-Sample Industrial Defect Detection
1st Author
KIISE 2026
Tackled the structural data scarcity of industrial defect detection (~20 samples per class). Demonstrated that
semantic-level diversity matters more than quantity: with Mask R-CNN, traditional augmentation
hurt mAP (−1.76), while Gemini-2.0-based generative augmentation
improved it (+1.90) on the same volume. Found an
8× sweet spot when combining both (+5.0 mAP), consistent across 2-stage CNN, 1-stage CNN, and Transformer detector families.